Rockburst
The discrete element model of rock burst was established by MatDEM, with the overlying pressure of 10MPa and the lateral limit applied.The model is three-dimensional, and if the thickness is set to 0, it is two-dimensional.
When the tunnel is dug out, radial stress gradient and annular fissure appear, and the destroyed rock mass flies rapidly into the tunnel.
Figure 1: vertical stress diagram
Figure 2: cementation diagram
Figure. 3 velocity field diagram